New Insights into the Effects of Heat Stress on Plant Growth and Development - A Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55544/sjmars.5.1.6Keywords:
adaptation, biochemical, heat stress, molecular, plant physiology, morphologyAbstract
Heat stress, a large consequence of global warming and climate change, is a serious threat to plant survival, agricultural productivity, and global food security. As one of the most important abiotic stresses, heat stress negatively impacts crop growth and development, yield, and quality. Global temperatures are expected to increase by 1.8 to 4.0 °C by the end of the 21st century, making it important to understand how plants respond to elevated temperatures. A proper understanding of how heat stress affects plant structure, physiology, and underlying molecular and biochemical processes, as well as the mechanisms involved in plant adaptation, is necessary for the development of effective mitigation and management strategies. To increase plant tolerance to heat stress, several methods have been used, including improved agronomic practices and crop improvement through conventional and modern breeding. This review summarizes current knowledge regarding the impacts of heat stress on plant morphological traits and physiological functions, molecular and biochemical pathways, and focuses on the integrated view of key adaptive mechanisms that allow plants to withstand high-temperature stress.
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