Correlation of CA125, and Some Mineral in the Progression of Breast Cancer in Pre- and Postmenopausal Iraq Women
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55544/sjmars.3.5.2Keywords:
Breast cancer, Mineral, Ca125, premenopausal, postmenopausal, CRP, Mg, Ca , IronAbstract
Background: Breast cancer presents a severe threat to women's health worldwide, as it is the most often diagnosed cancer and the primary cause of mortality for female patients.
The aim of this study was to study the relationship between Ca 125 and insulin with some chemical tests in order to know the relationship between them and therefore the speed and accuracy in diagnosing breast cancer in women early.
Material and method: In this research, there are 160 participants (age 21 - 61 years) divided into three groups. The first group included 50 (group A) that represented Premenopausal .The second group included 55(group B) that represented postmenopausal the A and B group suffering breast cancer who visited Baghdad Medical City Hospitals-Bab Al-Moadham and the third group control group (55 participant). The blood (5ml) was drawn from every participant to separate the serum. The serum was used to measure (CA125, Insulin, C-RP, Mg, Iron and Ca).The results showed there is significantly an increase in the level of CA125 and C-RP in the serum of menopause women with breast cancer but the insulin non significantly different between study group. In addition, there is significantly slightly increase in the level of Mg, Iron and Ca in the serum of breast cancer women than control group.
As conclusion: The relationship between Ca 125 was positive and of clinical significance for disease progression. CR-P, which developed a lot because it was a strong indicator of inflammation. As for the prognostic elements (Mg, Iron and Ca), they were of great importance in their association with the disease, and therefore it may be an important indicator in the early diagnosis of the disease. The serum levels of CA125 and CR-P were demonstrated to be of great value in the management of patients with breast cancer, and could serve as predictive indicators and for monitoring the course of disease.
References
Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Breast cancer: A review of risk factors and diagnosis. Medicine. 2024 Jan 19;103(3):e36905.
Lin PH, Laliotis G. The present and future of clinical management in metastatic breast cancer. Journal of clinical medicine. 2022 Oct 5;11(19):5891.
Łukasiewicz S, Czeczelewski M, Forma A, Baj J, Sitarz R, Stanisławek A. Breast cancer—epidemiology, risk factors, classification, prognostic markers, and current treatment strategies—an updated review. Cancers. 2021 Aug 25;13(17):4287.
Lobo RA, Gompel A. Management of menopause: a view towards prevention. The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology. 2022 Jun 1;10(6):457-70.
Meyer MR, Barton M. Role of perivascular adipose tissue for sex differences in coronary artery disease and spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD). Endocrine and Metabolic Science. 2021 Mar 31;2:100068.
Marsden J. The British menopause society consensus statement on the management of estrogen deficiency symptoms, arthralgia and menopause diagnosis in women with treated for early breast cancer. Post Reproductive Health. 2022 Dec;28(4):199-210.
Petersdorf K, Groettrup-Wolfers E, Overton PM, Seitz C, Schulze-Rath R. Endometrial hyperplasia in pre-menopausal women: A systematic review of incidence, prevalence, and risk factors. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology. 2022 Apr 1;271:158-71.
Zheng P, Afshin A, Biryukov S, Bisignano C, Brauer M, Bryazka D, Burkart K, Cercy KM, Cornaby L, Dai X, Dirac MA. The Burden of Proof studies: assessing the evidence of risk. Nature Medicine. 2022 Oct;28(10):2038-44.
Stevenson JC, Farmer RD. HRT and breast cancer: a million women ride again. Climacteric. 2020 May 3;23(3):226-8.
Filella X, Rodríguez-Garcia M, Fernández-Galán E. Clinical usefulness of circulating tumor markers. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM). 2023 Apr 25;61(5):895-905.
Charkhchi P, Cybulski C, Gronwald J, Wong FO, Narod SA, Akbari MR. CA125 and ovarian cancer: a comprehensive review. Cancers. 2020; 12: 3730 [Internet].
Fang C, Cao Y, Liu X, Zeng XT, Li Y. Serum CA125 is a predictive marker for breast cancer outcomes and correlates with molecular subtypes. Oncotarget. 2017 Sep 9;8(38):63963.
Zhang J, Wei Q, Dong D, Ren L. The role of TPS, CA125, CA15-3 and CEA in prediction of distant metastasis of breast cancer. Clinica Chimica Acta. 2021 Dec 1;523:19-25.
Leonard GD, Low JA, Berman AW, Swain SM. CA 125 elevation in breast cancer: a case report and review of the literature. The breast journal. 2004 Mar;10(2):146-9.
Park BW, Oh JW, Kim JH, Park SH, Kim KS, Kim JH, Lee KS. Preoperative CA 15-3 and CEA serum levels as predictor for breast cancer outcomes. Annals of oncology. 2008 Apr 1;19(4):675-81.
Goodwin PJ, Pritchard KI, Ennis M, Clemons M, Graham M, Fantus IG. Insulin-lowering effects of metformin in women with early breast cancer. Clinical breast cancer. 2008 Dec 1;8(6):501-5.
Mahmoud AS, Abdulrahman MA, Bakheit KH. Insulin, estradiol levels and body mass index in pre-and post-menopausal women with breast cancer. Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences. 2015 Oct 1;8(4):617-20.
Kolberg HC, Edimiris A, Hoffmann O, Wetzig S, Shaheen M, Stephanou M, Kolberg-Liedtke C. The role of C-reactive protein (CRP) as a prognostic biomarker in patients with early breast cancer (EBC) treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT).
Guo L, Liu S, Zhang S, Chen Q, Zhang M, Quan P, Lu J, Sun X. C-reactive protein and risk of breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Scientific reports. 2015 May 22;5(1):10508.
Thaw SS, Sahmoun AE, Schwartz GG. Serum calcium, tumor size, and hormone receptor status in women with untreated breast cancer. Cancer Biology & Therapy. 2012 May 1;13(7):467-71.
Hashizume S, Shimoda M, Yoshinami T, Abe K, Masunaga N, Sota Y, Miyake T, Tanei T, Shimazu K. Hypercalcemia affected in metastatic breast cancer patients without bone metastasis: report of three cases. Surgical Case Reports. 2022 Nov 26;8(1):210.
Almquist M, Manjer J, Bondeson L, Bondeson AG. Serum calcium and breast cancer risk: results from a prospective cohort study of 7,847 women. Cancer Causes & Control. 2007 Aug;18:595-602.
Al Khamees M, Alqurain AA, Alsaleh AA, Alhashem YA, AlSaffar N, Alibrahim NN, Aljunibi FA, Alradwan Z, Almohammade N, AlAlwan B. Prevalence of Iron Deficiency and its Association With Breast Cancer in Premenopausal Compared to Postmenopausal Women in Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. Cancer Informatics. 2023 May;22:11769351231172589.
Thompson HJ, Neil ES, McGinley JN. Pre-clinical insights into the iron and breast cancer hypothesis. Biomedicines. 2021 Nov 9;9(11):1652.
Bagheri A, Naghshi S, Sadeghi O, Larijani B, Esmaillzadeh A. Total, dietary, and supplemental magnesium intakes and risk of all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Advances in Nutrition. 2021 Jul 1;12(4):1196-210.
Gile J, Ruan G, Abeykoon J, McMahon MM, Witzig T. Magnesium: The overlooked electrolyte in blood cancers?. Blood reviews. 2020 Nov 1;44:100676.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Stallion Journal for Multidisciplinary Associated Research Studies
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.